📝 Reference Guide
100 Essential English Grammar Rules in Bangla – Complete Reference Guide
📖 What You'll Learn
100 essential English grammar rules with examples
🎯 Who Should Read
BCS, IELTS, Bank Jobs, Beginners, Teachers
📊 Categories
Parts of Speech, Sentence Structure, Tenses, Agreement, Articles, Prepositions, Pronouns, Adjectives, Adverbs
💡 Best For
Quick Revision & Reference
Introduction – Why Grammar Rules Matter
English grammar rules are the building blocks of the English language. They help us communicate clearly and correctly. Whether you're preparing for BCS, IELTS, Bank Jobs, or University Admission, understanding these 100 essential rules will give you a strong foundation.
📖 How to Use This Guide:
- Read each rule carefully – Understand the concept
- Study the example – See how the rule is applied
- Click the link – Go to the detailed article for more explanation
- Practice – Use the tools and quizzes
Let's start with the most fundamental topic — Parts of Speech.
Rules 1-20: Parts of Speech
1
Every sentence must have a verb.
✅ She is a teacher. • He goes to school. • They eat rice.
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2
3
A pronoun replaces a noun to avoid repetition.
✅ Rahim is a student. He studies hard. (Instead of Rahim again)
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4
5
An adverb describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
✅ She sings beautifully. • He runs fast.
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6
A preposition shows the relationship between a noun/pronoun and another word.
✅ The book is on the table. • She went to school.
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7
A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses.
✅ I like tea and coffee. • He is poor but honest.
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8
An interjection expresses sudden emotion.
✅ Wow! That's amazing. • Oh! I forgot my keys.
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9
Proper nouns always start with a capital letter.
✅ Rahim, Dhaka, Bangladesh (not rahim, dhaka, bangladesh)
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10
Common nouns are general names — not specific.
✅ boy, city, river (not specific like Rahim, Dhaka)
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11
Abstract nouns name ideas, qualities, or feelings — not physical objects.
✅ honesty, freedom, love, success
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12
Collective nouns can be singular or plural depending on meaning.
✅ The team is winning. (as one unit) • The team are arguing. (as individuals)
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13
14
Intransitive verbs do not require an object.
✅ She sleeps. • He cried. (No object needed)
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15
Linking verbs connect the subject to a complement (adjective/noun).
✅ She is beautiful. • He became a doctor. • It smells good.
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16
17
Stative verbs describe a state, not an action — they don't take continuous form.
✅ I know the answer. (NOT: I am knowing) • I agree. (NOT: I am agreeing)
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18
Demonstrative adjectives show which one: this, that, these, those.
✅ This book is mine. • Those chairs are new.
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19
Possessive adjectives show ownership: my, your, his, her, its, our, their.
✅ This is my book. • Is this your pen?
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20
Interrogative adjectives ask questions: which, what, whose.
✅ Which book do you want? • Whose bag is this?
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🛠️ Test your Parts of Speech knowledge: Take our Parts of Speech Guide — complete guide with 8 parts and examples!
Rules 21-35: Sentence Structure
21
Every sentence must have a subject and a verb.
✅ He goes to school. (Subject: He, Verb: goes)
22
A simple sentence has one independent clause.
✅ She reads a book. • He runs fast.
23
A compound sentence has two independent clauses joined by a conjunction.
✅ He worked hard, so he passed. • I like tea, but she likes coffee.
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24
A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause.
✅ Because it was raining, I stayed home. • I stayed home because it was raining.
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25
A compound-complex sentence has two independent clauses and one dependent clause.
✅ Although it was raining, I went out, and I bought a book.
26
The object receives the action of the verb.
✅ He reads a book. (Object: a book)
27
The complement completes the meaning of the subject.
✅ She is beautiful. (Complement: beautiful)
28
Adjectives usually come before the noun they describe.
✅ Beautiful girl, tall tree, red car
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29
30
Adverbs of frequency (always, never, often) come before the main verb.
✅ She always comes late. • I never lie.
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31
Adverbs of manner (quickly, slowly) come after the verb.
✅ She sings beautifully. • He runs fast.
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32
A prepositional phrase starts with a preposition and ends with a noun/pronoun.
✅ On the table • In the room • At school
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33
A sentence should not end with a preposition in formal writing.
✅ This is the book for which I was looking. (Formal) • This is the book I was looking for. (Informal)
34
A subject can be a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase.
✅ The boy plays cricket. • She sings well. • Reading books is fun.
35
A sentence must express a complete thought.
✅ She went to the market and bought some vegetables. (Complete) ❌ Went to the market. (Incomplete)
Rules 36-50: Subject-Verb Agreement
36
Singular subject → Singular verb (verb + s/es).
✅ He goes to school. • She writes a letter.
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37
Plural subject → Plural verb (no s/es).
✅ They go to school. • The boys write letters.
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38
Everyone, someone, anyone, nobody — are singular → take singular verb.
✅ Everyone is present. • Someone has taken my pen.
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39
40
A number of → Plural verb. The number of → Singular verb.
✅ A number of students are present. • The number of students is fifty.
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41
Neither...nor / Either...or → verb agrees with the closest subject.
✅ Neither the teacher nor the students are present. • Neither the students nor the teacher is present.
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42
Collective nouns → Singular verb (as one unit).
✅ The team is winning. • The family is going on vacation.
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43
News, mathematics, physics, politics → Singular verb.
✅ The news is good. • Mathematics is difficult.
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44
Each, every, either, neither → Singular verb.
✅ Each has a book. • Every is welcome. • Either is fine.
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45
Amounts, measurements, time → Singular verb (as one unit).
✅ Ten dollars is a lot of money. • Three years is a long time.
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46
47
Two subjects joined by "and" (same person) → Singular verb.
✅ The director and producer is coming. (One person with two titles)
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48
Relative pronouns (who, which, that) → verb agrees with the antecedent.
✅ The boy who is sitting there is my brother. (boy singular → is) • The boys who are sitting there are my brothers. (boys plural → are)
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49
None can be singular or plural (both accepted).
✅ None of the students is present. (Formal) • None of the students are present. (Modern)
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50
There is/are → verb agrees with the subject after it.
✅ There is a book on the table. • There are many books on the table.
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📝 Practice Subject-Verb Agreement: Take our Subject-Verb Agreement Quiz — 50+ questions with instant feedback and explanations!
Rules 51-65: Tenses
51
Present Indefinite: Subject + V1 (s/es for third person singular) — Habitual actions, universal truths.
✅ He goes to school. • The sun rises in the east.
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52
Present Continuous: Subject + am/is/are + Ving — Action happening now.
✅ He is reading a book. • They are playing cricket.
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53
Present Perfect: Subject + have/has + V3 — Past action with present result.
✅ I have read the book. • She has gone to school.
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54
Present Perfect Continuous: Subject + have/has + been + Ving — Started in the past and continues.
✅ I have been studying for three hours.
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55
Past Indefinite: Subject + V2 — Completed action in the past.
✅ I went to school yesterday. • She ate rice.
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56
Past Continuous: Subject + was/were + Ving — Action in progress in the past.
✅ He was reading when I arrived.
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57
Past Perfect: Subject + had + V3 — Action completed before another past action.
✅ I had finished the work before he came.
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58
Past Perfect Continuous: Subject + had + been + Ving — Ongoing action up to a point in the past.
✅ I had been studying for two hours when he arrived.
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59
Future Indefinite: Subject + will + V1 — Action in the future.
✅ I will go to school tomorrow.
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60
Future Continuous: Subject + will + be + Ving — Ongoing action at a specific future time.
✅ I will be reading at 8 PM tomorrow.
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61
Future Perfect: Subject + will + have + V3 — Completed by a specific future time.
✅ I will have finished the work by tomorrow.
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62
Future Perfect Continuous: Subject + will + have + been + Ving — Ongoing action up to a future point.
✅ I will have been studying for two hours by the time you arrive.
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63
Modal verbs (can, could, may, might, must, should, will, would) + V1 (base form).
✅ I can go. • She must study. • He will come.
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64
Stative verbs (know, believe, belong, seem) — never take continuous form.
✅ I know the answer. (NOT: I am knowing) • She believes in honesty. (NOT: She is believing)
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65
Since + point in time, For + duration.
✅ I have been here since 2015. • I have been here for three hours.
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⏳ Practice Tenses: Take our Tense Quiz — 50+ questions on all 12 tenses with instant feedback!
Rules 66-75: Articles
66
Use "a" before words that start with a consonant sound.
✅ a book, a cat, a university (U sounds like 'Y')
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67
Use "an" before words that start with a vowel sound.
✅ an apple, an hour (H silent), an MBA (M sounds like 'Em')
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68
69
70
71
Use "the" before ordinal numbers.
✅ He was the first to arrive. • She stood the third.
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72
Use "the" before rivers, seas, oceans, and mountain ranges.
✅ The Padma, The Bay of Bengal, The Himalayas
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73
No article before languages, meals, sports, and proper nouns.
✅ I speak English. (NOT: The English) • I had breakfast. (NOT: The breakfast) • He plays cricket. (NOT: The cricket)
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74
No article before single mountains.
✅ Mount Everest (NOT: The Mount Everest) • Mount Fuji (NOT: The Mount Fuji)
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75
"The" + adjective = group of people.
✅ The rich should help the poor. • The blind need special care.
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📋 Practice Articles: Take our Articles Quiz — 40+ questions on a, an, the, and zero article!
Rules 76-85: Prepositions
76
At + specific time, In + months/years, On + days/dates.
✅ at 5 PM, in July, on Monday
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77
78
79
Interested in (not interested for).
✅ She is interested in learning English. (NOT: interested for)
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80
81
82
Different from (not different than).
✅ This book is different from mine. (NOT: different than)
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83
Responsible for, Famous for, Proud of.
✅ He is responsible for the project. • Bangladesh is famous for its beauty. • She is proud of her achievements.
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84
Between = two items; Among = three or more items.
✅ Between you and me. • Among the students.
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85
Beside = next to; Besides = in addition to.
✅ Sit beside me. • I have other books besides this one.
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📍 Practice Prepositions: Take our Preposition Quiz — 45+ questions on in, on, at, and more!
Rules 86-90: Pronouns
86
Subject pronouns: I, You, He, She, It, We, They.
✅ He is a teacher. • She sings well.
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87
Object pronouns: Me, You, Him, Her, It, Us, Them.
✅ She gave the book to me. • I saw him yesterday.
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88
Use "I" as subject, "me" as object.
✅ I am a student. (Subject) • She gave the book to me. (Object)
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89
Who = subject; Whom = object.
✅ Who is coming? (Subject) • Whom did you see? (Object)
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90
Reflexive pronouns: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
✅ He hurt himself. • She taught herself English.
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Rules 91-95: Adjectives & Adverbs
91
Adjectives describe nouns; adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
✅ She is a beautiful girl. (Adjective) • She sings beautifully. (Adverb)
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92
93
Late = after expected time; Lately = recently.
✅ He arrived late. • I have been busy lately.
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94
95
Elder = family relationship; Older = general comparison.
✅ He is my elder brother. • He is older than me.
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Rules 96-100: Conjunctions & Others
96
Coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS): For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So.
✅ I like tea and coffee. • He is poor but honest.
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97
Subordinating conjunctions: because, although, since, while, if, unless, when, after, before.
✅ I stayed home because it was raining. • Although he is rich, he is humble.
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98
Correlative conjunctions: either...or, neither...nor, both...and, not only...but also.
✅ Either Rahim or Karim will come. • Neither Rahim nor Karim came.
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99
Don't use "because" and "so" together. Don't use "although" and "but" together.
❌ Because it was raining, so I stayed home. ✅ Because it was raining, I stayed home. ❌ Although he is rich, but he is humble. ✅ Although he is rich, he is humble.
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100
A sentence must start with a capital letter and end with a punctuation mark.
✅ He is a student. • She sings well. • What is your name?
Quick Reference Summary
| Category | Key Rules | Learn More |
|---|---|---|
| Parts of Speech | Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, Interjection | Read → |
| Subject-Verb Agreement | Singular → Singular verb, Plural → Plural verb, Everyone → Singular, One of → Singular | Read → |
| Tenses | 12 tenses: Present, Past, Future (Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous) | Read → |
| Articles | A → Consonant sound, An → Vowel sound, The → Specific/Unique | Read → |
| Prepositions | At + time, In + months/years, On + days, Afraid of, Good at, Senior to, Married to | Read → |
| Pronouns | Subject: I/He/She, Object: Me/Him/Her, Who/Whom, Reflexive: Himself/Themselves | Read → |
| Adjectives & Adverbs | Adjective → Noun, Adverb → Verb, Hard/Hardly, Late/Lately, Fewer/Less, Elder/Older | Read → |
| Conjunctions | FANBOYS, Subordinating (because, although), Correlative (either...or, neither...nor) | Read → |
💡 Memory Tricks:
- FANBOYS – For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So
- Everyone = Singular – Everyone is (not are)
- One of = Singular – One of the students is (not are)
- A number = Plural – A number of students are (not is)
- The number = Singular – The number of students is (not are)
- Since = point, For = duration – Since 2015, For three hours
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the most important English grammar rules?
The most important rules include: Subject-Verb Agreement (Rule 1-15), Tense Rules (Rule 20-35), Article Rules (Rule 45-55), Preposition Rules (Rule 60-70), and Sentence Structure Rules (Rule 80-90). These form the foundation of English grammar.
How many grammar rules are there in English?
There are hundreds of grammar rules in English, but this guide covers the 100 most essential rules that every learner should know. These rules cover Parts of Speech, Sentence Structure, Tenses, Subject-Verb Agreement, Articles, Prepositions, and more.
What is the first grammar rule to learn?
The first rule is Rule 1: Every sentence must have a verb. Without a verb, a sentence is incomplete. This is the most fundamental rule of English grammar.
What is the most common grammar rule tested in BCS?
Subject-Verb Agreement (Rules 36-50) is the most frequently tested topic in BCS and Bank Job exams. Also, Tense Rules (51-65), Articles (66-75), and Prepositions (76-85) are very common.
What is the difference between 'a' and 'an'?
Use 'a' before words that start with a consonant sound (a book, a university). Use 'an' before words that start with a vowel sound (an apple, an hour). The rule depends on sound, not spelling.
What is Subject-Verb Agreement?
Subject-Verb Agreement means that the verb must match the subject in number (singular or plural) and person. If the subject is singular, the verb must be singular; if plural, the verb must be plural.
What is the rule for 'everyone' and 'someone'?
'Everyone', 'someone', 'anyone', 'nobody', and 'each' are singular indefinite pronouns. They always take a singular verb. For example: 'Everyone is present' (not 'are').
What is the difference between 'since' and 'for'?
'Since' is used with a specific point in time (since 2015, since Monday). 'For' is used with a duration of time (for three hours, for five years).
What is the rule for 'Neither...nor' and 'Either...or'?
With 'Neither...nor' and 'Either...or', the verb agrees with the subject that is closest to the verb. For example: 'Neither the teacher nor the students are present' (students is plural, so 'are').
What is the difference between 'few' and 'a few'?
'Few' means 'almost none' and has a negative meaning (Few people came = almost nobody came). 'A few' means 'some' and has a positive meaning (A few people came = some people came).
What is the difference between 'little' and 'a little'?
'Little' means 'almost nothing' and has a negative meaning (There is little water = almost no water). 'A little' means 'some' and has a positive meaning (There is a little water = some water is available).
What is the rule for 'who' and 'whom'?
'Who' is used as a subject pronoun (like 'he'), and 'whom' is used as an object pronoun (like 'him'). Use 'who' when the pronoun is the subject of the verb, and 'whom' when it is the object of the verb or preposition.
What is the rule for 'I' and 'me'?
Use 'I' as the subject of a verb (I am a student). Use 'me' as the object of a verb or preposition (She gave the book to me).
What is the best way to memorize grammar rules?
The best way is to practice regularly. Read each rule, understand the example, and then create your own sentences. Use the Ovidhan app's grammar tools and quizzes for daily practice.
🛠️ Practice Grammar with Our Free Tools
Related Grammar Guides
Conclusion
These 100 essential English grammar rules are the foundation of the English language. Whether you're preparing for BCS, IELTS, Bank Jobs, or just learning English, mastering these rules will significantly improve your grammar skills.
🎯 Your Action Plan:
- Review 10 rules daily – Complete all 100 rules in 10 days
- Practice with examples – Create your own sentences
- Take the quizzes – Test your knowledge
- Bookmark this page – Quick reference anytime
- Download the Ovidhan app – Practice on the go
💡 Remember:
Grammar is not about memorization — it's about understanding and practice. The more you read, write, and speak English, the more natural these rules will become. You CAN master English grammar!
Grammar is not about memorization — it's about understanding and practice. The more you read, write, and speak English, the more natural these rules will become. You CAN master English grammar!